Primary NOS carcinoma arising in a lingual ectopic thyroid: diagnostic strategy and multidisciplinary management

Vol. 66 No. 4, 2025

ROMANIAN JOURNAL of MORPHOLOGY and EMBRYOLOGY

Daniela Vrinceanu, Dana-Mihaela Tilici, Mihai Dumitru, Claudia-Alexandra Nacea, Ana Maria Arnautu, Beatrice Mihaela Grecu, Carmen Aurelia Mogoanta, Andreea Nicoleta Marinescu, Oana Maria Patrascu, Diana Loreta Paun

While ectopic thyroid is an uncommon congenital condition, the occurrence of malignant transformation within ectopic lingual thyroid tissue is exceptionally atypical. We report a rare case of not otherwise specified (NOS) thyroid carcinoma (TC) arising in a sublingual ectopic thyroid in a 54-year-old male. The patient presented with progressive dysphonia, dysphagia, and upper airway obstruction, accompanied by severe hypothyroidism. Imaging studies, including ultrasonography, thyroid scintigraphy with technetium-99m pertechnetate, and cross-sectional computed tomography (CT), confirmed the absence of orthotopic thyroid tissue, identifying a highly vascularized sublingual tumor. Preoperative selective arterial embolization was performed to minimize intraoperative bleeding, followed by a successful surgical excision of the described mass. Histopathological analysis revealed NOS carcinoma arising in ectopic lingual thyroid tissue. The patient was subsequently maintained on suppressive Levothyroxine therapy and referred for radioiodine treatment. This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic approach in the treatment of ectopic lingual TC. To our knowledge this is one of the few cases of NOS TC arising in a lingual thyroid gland.

Corresponding author: Dana Mihaela Tilici, MD, PhD Student; e-mail: dana-mihaela.tilici@drd.umfcd.ro; Mihai Dumitru, Senior Lecturer, MD, MSc, PhD; e-mail: orldumitrumihai@yahoo.com

DOI: 10.47162/RJME.66.4.14 Download PDF
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